See also young, offshore claims and problems in the north sea 1965 59 american journal ofinternational law 505. One of the controversial areas of the international law of the seas is the delimitation of the maritime boundary of continental shelf between states with opposite or adjacent coasts. Reports 1969 netherlands and denmark had drawn partial boundary lines based on the equidistance principle ab and cd. The empirical data collected from the ncs from 2000 to. Treaty between the kingdom of the netherlands and the federal. Three north sea deals in top 10 upstream oil and gas. North sea continental shelf cases federal republic of. Federal republic of germany netherlands international court of justice february 20, 1969 general list. Law of the continental shelf and ocean resourcesa an overview.
Whether the icj has jurisdiction to grant or decline the interim measures 1 gross, 31. The rule of law and the united nations convention on the law of the sea global ratification would unite the nations of the world in the most comprehensive and farreaching treaty for protection of the global environment yet achieved, establishing a clear and inexorable link between the rule of law in international af. Prior to the courts judgment in 1969, there was no suggestion in icj juris. The shelf was gradually opened, and only a restricted number of blocks. By the two special agreements respectively concluded between the kingdom of denmark. Accelerated formation of customary international law michael p. All coastal states have a continental shelf that stretches 200 nautical miles to sea 1 nautical mile 1. What drives asset transactions on the norwegian continental shelf. Icj north sea continental shelf cases, separate opinion of judge fouad ammoun, icj rep. The rule of law and the united nations convention on the law. They involved agreements among denmark, germany, and the netherlands regarding the delimitation of areasrich in oil and gasof the continental shelf in. In svalbards case, it is also clear from all maps of the seabed that a continuous continental shelf extends north from mainland norway and around and past svalbard. Germany v denmark and the netherlands 1969 icj 1 also known as the north sea continental shelf cases were a series of disputes that came to the international court of justice in 1969. Aegean sea continental shelf by mariam alattiya on prezi.
Moreover, in the present case, any such inference would immediately be nullified by the fact that, as soon as concrete delimitations of north sea continental shelf areas began to be carried out, the federal republic, as described earlier paragraphs 9 and 12, at once reserved its position with regard to those delimitations which effected on. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Any assertion of sea rights was purely metaphysical. Submarine pipeline spanning mechanism on continental shelf. North sea continental shelf cases, icj reps, 1969, p. If this case were used as precedent otherwise, it would merely direct the disputing states to look to customary international law and cooperative action. The rule of law and the united nations convention on the. Although the united states has relied on the icjs doctrine of. Delimitation of the continental shelf between the united kingdom of. Exploitation of the natural resources of the continental shelf, by dr.
Facts foreign minster meet in brussels the turkish claimed that the islands of limnos, chios, samos, lesbos, aghios eustratios, ikaria and kos could not be considered as the continental shelf turkish government had the notion to answer by saying that there are huge marine area. The dispute, which was submitted to the court on 20 february 1967, related to the delimitation of the continental shelf between the federal republic of germany and denmark on the one hand, and between the federal republic of germany and the. An agreement on further prolongation of the boundary proved difficult because denmark and netherlands. Its aim is to survey and map the subsoil quaternary, tertiary of the southern north sea. A summary and case brief of north sea continental shelf cases federal republic of germany v. Bibliography north sea continental shelf, judgment, i. The commission on the limits of the continental shelf hereinafter clcs is one of the three institutions created under the 1982 united nations convention on the law of the sea hereinafter the convention.
Essay on north sea continental shelf case 1506 words. Scharf case western reserve university school of law, michael. The companies were asked to provide their decommissioning activity forecasts on the norwegian continental shelf for the period 2015 to 2024. Jan 19, 2014 north sea continental shelf case cindy llanes. Reply of guyana annex r1 from north sea continental shelf. Reports 1969 reply of guyana annex r1 expert reports. On 9 june 1965, the federal republic of germany and denmark. The 1958 geneva convention on the continental shelf established the equidistant principle, which became the accepted rule as regards the parties to the convention. For a custom to become binding as international law, it must amount to a settled practice and must be rendered obligatory by a rule requiring it. North sea continental shelf case federal republic of germany denmark. Shelf seas occupy about 7% of the area of the worlds oceans but their economic importance is significantly greater. Icj north sea continental shelf cases, separate opinion of judge.
North sea continental shelf cases federal republic of germany v. International maritime boundary between greenland and jan mayen. The kingdom of the netherlands and the federal republic of germany, purposing to establish the boundary between their respective parts of the continental shelf under the north sea, in so far. They involved agreements among denmark, germany, and the netherlands regarding the delimitation of areasrich in oil and gasof the continental shelf in the north sea. Territorial sea, continental shelf and economic zone of june 1, 1979. Seismic data from the dutch continental shelf of the north. In the north sea continental shelf case the icj stated that the passage of. Facts germany, denmark, and netherlands wanted to delimitate the intl boundaries of the continental shelf connected to them. Reports 1969 submitted rudolph v premyslid, march 14, 2009.
Pil lecture 2 sources of international law flashcards. Relationship of multilateral treaties, custom, and international law international court of justice 1969 year 1969 2 0 february general list. The norwegian continental shelf as of june 20th, 2016. North sea continental shelf cases federal republic of germanydenmark and netherlands 1969 i. The rule of law and the united nations convention on the law of the sea global ratification would unite the nations of the world in the most comprehensive and farreaching treaty for protection of the global environment yet achieved, establishing a clear and inexorable link between the. With the ekofisk discovery in 1969, the norwegian oil adventure really began.
Germany b netherlands a denmark c n north sea north sea continental shelf cases negotiated continental shelf boundary equidistant line figure 4 reply of guyana annex r1. The dispute, which was submitted to the court on 20 february 1967, related to the delimitation of the continental shelf between the federal republic of germany and denmark on the one hand, and between the federal republic of germany and the netherlands. Case western reserve university school of law scholarly. Shelf cases and the other earlier decided cases by trying to merge customary and. Gaius described the sea as res nullius, asserting that it belonged to. Resolutions by and communication from the international council of scientific unions concerning part ii, section iii of the articles concerning the law of the sea continental shelf, transmitted by.
Denmark and netherlands insisted the only proper method to use was the equidistance principle. A continental shelf extends from the coastline of a continent to a dropoff point called the shelf break. North sea continental shelf federal republic of germany denmark. The north sea continental shelf cases 1969 provide one of the few instances where the icj has provided a detailed analysis and overview of the existence and requirements of customary international law. The international court of justice addressed the case concerning the delimitation of the continental shelf between greece and turkey on 19 december 1978. An agreement on further prolongation of the boundary proved difficult because denmark and netherlands wished this prolongation to take place based on.
Many states therefore do not need to collect more specific data or have the outer limit of their continental shelf considered. International law case studies 1 flashcards quizlet. Doc the northsea continental shelf cases revisited chibuzor. The continental shelf of a coastal state comprises the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas that extend beyond its territorial sea. Treaty between the kingdom of the netherlands and the. Production from the field started on 15 june 1971, and in the following years a number of major discoveries were made. North sea continental shelf nmea 08 pdf cases 1969 i. The tunisialibya continental shelf case perceived by the icj, was the existence and position of the kerkennah islands.
The geological inventory of the netherlands is one of the tasks of the niag. Oil and gas legal problems, 1968 2 international lawyer 191. Republic of germany shall delimit the continental shelf in the north sea as between. Nature of continental shelf rights under international law. Continental shelf questions and answers regjeringen. North sea continental shelf cases federal republic of germanydenmark, federal republic of germanynetherlands i. It shows all fields, discoveries, areas awarded and areas that have been opened for exploration activities 1 the norwegian continental shelf norwegian. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Jul 02, 2016 north sea continental shelf cases, icj reps, 1969, p. North sea continental shelf cases invisible college press. Uk continental shelf 29th round of offshore licensing. Over the years, a dense grid of seismic profiles has been shot. Icj north sea continental shelf cases, separate opinion of.
The north sea continental shelf cases 1969 provide one of the few instances where the icj has provided a detailed analysis and overview of the existence and. This being the case, the court does not have to embark, in addition, on an enquiry into the private thoughts of the federal republic, as the netherlands government calls upon. Exploration in the 1970s was confined to the area south of the 62nd parallel. Federal republic of germanydenmark, federal republic of germanynetherlands. Three north sea deals were among the top 10 nonus upstream oil and gas acquisitions in the first quarter of 2017, a new report said. Decision in north sea continental shelf cases continental shelf boundaries. On 1 december 1964, the federal republic of germany and the netherlands concluded an agreement for the partial delimitation of the boundary near the coast. During the negotiations of the aforementioned agreement the icelandic government advanced the view that iceland was entitled to a continental shelf area extending beyond the 200mile economic zone. That the boundaries between their respective areas of the continental shelf in the north sea and the area claimed by the federal republic of germany d, should be determined by the application of the principle of equidistance as set forth in article 6 of the geneva convention of 1958 on the continental shelf, which by january 1, 1969 had been ratified or acceded to by 39 states but to. Federal republic of germanyinetherlands continerrtal shelf nreas iri the horrli seadelitriitatiori crs betwecn aajacerit. Gaius described the sea as res nullius, asserting that it belonged to the first occupant. A continental shelf is the edge of a continent that lies under the ocean. Case notes australasian legal information institute. Ratification after signature is required to consequently make that party liable to obey the treaty.
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